Contents

#coldClimate

coldest countries on average

Rank Country/Region Average Yearly Temperature (°C) Notes
- Greenland -18.6 Self-governing territory of Denmark
1 Canada -4.0 to -5.35 Extreme cold, record lows below -60°C
2 Russia -3.1 to -5.1 Siberia has some of the coldest spots
3 Mongolia 1.4 to -0.7 Harsh winters, summer can be warm
4 Iceland 1.8 to 2.2 Subarctic climate
5 Norway 1.5 to 2.3 Very cold winters
6 Finland 2.3 to 2.9 Long, cold winters
7 Sweden 3.2 to 3.8 Cold winters
8 Kyrgyzstan 2.2 to 4.3 Mountainous, very cold valleys
9 Tajikistan 3.8 to 5.7 High altitude cold climate
10 Estonia 6.9 Cold northern European country

largest cities

City Metro Population Typical Winter Lows Notes
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia ~1.4 million Below -20°F common Coldest major city globally; winter lows often near -40°F23.
Astana (Nur-Sultan), Kazakhstan ~1.2 million Below -20°F common Regularly sees -20°F or colder in winter2.
Novosibirsk, Russia ~1.6 million Below -20°F common Siberian climate; winter lows often reach -20°F or lower3.
Edmonton, Canada ~1 million -20°F possible Large Canadian city; regularly sees -20°F or lower in winter3.
Minneapolis–St. Paul, USA ~3.6 million -20°F possible Coldest large U.S. city; -20°F occurs during severe cold snaps123.
Anchorage, Alaska, USA ~290,000 -20°F possible Occasionally reaches -20°F during extreme cold5.

Merged Segment (.review/organized/C/Cold Climates.md)


power: moderator: reference: tags: [] created: 2025-07-10T13:58 updated: 2026-06-28T00:50 date created: Thursday, July 10th 2025, 5:58:13 pm date modified: Wednesday, August 6th 2025, 2:05:19 am time created: Thursday, July 10th 2025, 5:58:13 pm last update: Thursday, August 7th 2025, 9:27:09 pm

#coldClimate

coldest countries on average

Rank Country/Region Average Yearly Temperature (°C) Notes
- Greenland -18.6 Self-governing territory of Denmark
1 Canada -4.0 to -5.35 Extreme cold, record lows below -60°C
2 Russia -3.1 to -5.1 Siberia has some of the coldest spots
3 Mongolia 1.4 to -0.7 Harsh winters, summer can be warm
4 Iceland 1.8 to 2.2 Subarctic climate
5 Norway 1.5 to 2.3 Very cold winters
6 Finland 2.3 to 2.9 Long, cold winters
7 Sweden 3.2 to 3.8 Cold winters
8 Kyrgyzstan 2.2 to 4.3 Mountainous, very cold valleys
9 Tajikistan 3.8 to 5.7 High altitude cold climate
10 Estonia 6.9 Cold northern European country

largest cities

City Metro Population Typical Winter Lows Notes
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia ~1.4 million Below -20°F common Coldest major city globally; winter lows often near -40°F23.
Astana (Nur-Sultan), Kazakhstan ~1.2 million Below -20°F common Regularly sees -20°F or colder in winter2.
Novosibirsk, Russia ~1.6 million Below -20°F common Siberian climate; winter lows often reach -20°F or lower3.
Edmonton, Canada ~1 million -20°F possible Large Canadian city; regularly sees -20°F or lower in winter3.
Minneapolis–St. Paul, USA ~3.6 million -20°F possible Coldest large U.S. city; -20°F occurs during severe cold snaps123.
Anchorage, Alaska, USA ~290,000 -20°F possible Occasionally reaches -20°F during extreme cold5.

power: moderator: reference: tags: [] created: 2025-07-10T13:58 updated: 2026-02-01T12:34 date created: Thursday, July 10th 2025, 5:58:13 pm date modified: Wednesday, August 6th 2025, 2:05:19 am time created: Thursday, July 10th 2025, 5:58:13 pm last update: Thursday, August 7th 2025, 9:27:09 pm

#coldClimate

coldest countries on average

Rank Country/Region Average Yearly Temperature (°C) Notes
- Greenland -18.6 Self-governing territory of Denmark
1 Canada -4.0 to -5.35 Extreme cold, record lows below -60°C
2 Russia -3.1 to -5.1 Siberia has some of the coldest spots
3 Mongolia 1.4 to -0.7 Harsh winters, summer can be warm
4 Iceland 1.8 to 2.2 Subarctic climate
5 Norway 1.5 to 2.3 Very cold winters
6 Finland 2.3 to 2.9 Long, cold winters
7 Sweden 3.2 to 3.8 Cold winters
8 Kyrgyzstan 2.2 to 4.3 Mountainous, very cold valleys
9 Tajikistan 3.8 to 5.7 High altitude cold climate
10 Estonia 6.9 Cold northern European country

Largest Cold Cities

City Metro Population Typical Winter Lows Notes
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia ~1.4 million Below -20°F common Coldest major city globally; winter lows often near -40°F23.
Astana (Nur-Sultan), Kazakhstan ~1.2 million Below -20°F common Regularly sees -20°F or colder in winter2.
Novosibirsk, Russia ~1.6 million Below -20°F common Siberian climate; winter lows often reach -20°F or lower3.
Edmonton, Canada ~1 million -20°F possible Large Canadian city; regularly sees -20°F or lower in winter3.
Minneapolis–St. Paul, USA ~3.6 million -20°F possible Coldest large U.S. city; -20°F occurs during severe cold snaps123.
Anchorage, Alaska, USA ~290,000 -20°F possible Occasionally reaches -20°F during extreme cold5.

created: 2025-07-10T13:58 updated: 2025-07-10T21:36

#coldClimate


power: moderator: reference: tags: [] created: 2025-07-10T13:58 updated: 2026-06-28T00:38 date created: Thursday, July 10th 2025, 5:58:13 pm date modified: Wednesday, August 6th 2025, 2:05:19 am time created: Thursday, July 10th 2025, 5:58:13 pm last update: Thursday, August 7th 2025, 9:27:09 pm

#coldClimate